100 metres freestyle: The key phases of a fast race
A fast 100-metre race is not created by a single factor. Start, underwater phase, swimming speed and turn have to work as one system.
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Start, turn or swimming speed – what really decides the race?
A large race analysis shows which race phase has the greatest influence on final time at each distance.
More force is not automatically faster: Why arm coordination matters
A new study shows that greater propulsive force in freestyle only truly makes a swimmer faster when it matches the arm coordination.
Breaststroke kick at full speed: When the movement itself changes
Nine national-level breaststroke swimmers were analysed in three dimensions. At maximal speed, not only velocity but also the organisation of the kick changed.
Underwater dolphin kick: What better swimmers coordinate differently
A new biomechanical study compares joint movements and segmental coordination during the underwater dolphin kick across different performance levels.
How long should you glide? New data on the ideal transition phase after start and turn
A recent force analysis examines at what speed the transition from streamlined gliding to dolphin kick and then to freestyle becomes advantageous.
The myth of the longest possible stroke
A new study on stroke length, stroke rate and glide time shows why a longer stroke is not automatically more efficient or faster.
Why turns in a short-course pool do more than just save time
New research shows that turns are not merely a technical detail—they even change the economy of a swimming performance.